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The long-awaited schedule for the 18th Lok Sabha elections was announced by the Election Commission of India (ECI) on March 16, 2024, marking the beginning of a monumental democratic exercise. Scheduled to take place in seven phases from April 19 to June 1, 2024, the extensive voting event is strategically designed to optimise logistical arrangements and enhance electoral management across all 543 Lok Sabha constituencies. Each phase is planned to ensure the smooth conduct of the elections, with the first phase focusing on states with a higher number of constituencies. The polling dates for the Arunachal Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Sikkim, and Odisha assemblies were announced along with the general elections.
What happened in Lok Sabha election 2019
In the 2019 Lok Sabha election, the Bharatiya Janata Party surged back into power with a resounding victory, securing 303 seats, a notable improvement from the 282 seats it attained in 2014. The BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) amassed a formidable tally of 353 seats. In stark contrast, the Congress suffered a significant setback, securing only 52 seats in the elections.
Lok Sabha Election 2024 schedule:
Phase 1: The first phase of polling for the Lok Sabha elections 2024 is scheduled for April 19 in 102 parliamentary constituencies across 21 states. These include Arunachal Pradesh (2 constituencies), Assam (5), Bihar (4), Chhattisgarh (1), Madhya Pradesh (6), Maharashtra (5), Manipur (2), Meghalaya (2), Mizoram (1), Nagaland (1), Rajasthan (12), Sikkim (1), Tamil Nadu (39), Tripura (1), Uttar Pradesh (8), Uttarakhand (5), West Bengal (3), Andaman and Nicobar (1), Jammu and Kashmir (1), Lakshadweep (1), and Puducherry (1).
Phase 2: The second phase of polling for the Lok Sabha elections 2024 is scheduled for April 26, covering 89 parliamentary constituencies spread over 13 states. These states include Assam (5 constituencies), Bihar (5), Chhattisgarh (3), Karnataka (14), Kerala (20), Madhya Pradesh (7), Maharashtra (8), Manipur (1), Rajasthan (13), Tripura (1), Uttar Pradesh (8), West Bengal (3), and Jammu and Kashmir (1).
Phase 3: The third phase of the Lok Sabha Election 2024 is scheduled for May 7 in 94 parliamentary constituencies across 12 states. These states are Assam (4 constituencies), Bihar (5), Chhattisgarh (7), Goa (2), Gujarat (26), Karnataka (14), Madhya Pradesh (8), Maharashtra (11), Uttar Pradesh (10), West Bengal (4), Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu (2), and Jammu and Kashmir (1).
Phase 4: The fourth phase of polling for the Lok Sabha Election 2024 is scheduled for May 13 across 96 parliamentary constituencies in 10 states. These states include Andhra Pradesh (25 constituencies), Bihar (5), Jharkhand (4), Madhya Pradesh (8), Maharashtra (11), Odisha (4), Telangana (17), Uttar Pradesh (13), West Bengal (8), and Jammu and Kashmir (1).
Phase 5: The fifth phase of polling for the Lok Sabha election 2024 is slated for May 20, covering 49 parliamentary constituencies across eight states. These states comprise Bihar (5 constituencies), Jharkhand (3), Maharashtra (13), Odisha (5), Uttar Pradesh (14), West Bengal (7), Jammu and Kashmir (1), and Ladakh (1).
Phase 6: The sixth phase of polling for the Lok Sabha election 2024 is scheduled for May 26 across 57 parliamentary constituencies in seven states. These states are Bihar (8 constituencies), Haryana (10), Jharkhand (4), Odisha (6), Uttar Pradesh (14), West Bengal (8), and Delhi (7).
Phase 7: The seventh phase of polling for the Lok Sabha election 2024 is slated for June 1 covering 57 parliamentary constituencies in 8 states. These states are Bihar (8 constituencies), Himachal Pradesh (4), Jharkhand (3), Odisha (6), Punjab (13), Uttar Pradesh (13), West Bengal (9), and Chandigarh (1).
Lok Sabha election 2024: Main political parties
BHARATIYA JANATA PARTY (BJP): Originating from the Jan Sangh party, an offshoot of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), the BJP has grown into the world's largest political organisation with nearly 180 million members. Since its formation in 1980, it struggled initially but secured its first Prime Minister in 1996. Under Prime Minister Narendra Modi's leadership, the party achieved a majority government in 2014 and has remained dominant since.
INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS: Despite its historical significance, the Congress party has faced challenges, particularly after Narendra Modi's rise to power. Led by Rahul Gandhi, it struggles to regain momentum, despite its legacy of governance and comprehensive economic reforms.
Rahul Gandhi, a prominent Congress figure, faces the challenge of rejuvenating the party's prospects amidst Modi's dominance. Contesting from Wayanad, Kerala, he aims to tap into discontent over various issues.
AAM AADMI PARTY (AAP): Arising from an anti-corruption movement, the AAP marked a political upset by winning the Delhi assembly elections in 2015 under Arvind Kejriwal's leadership. However, its prospects are clouded by corruption allegations.
DRAVIDA MUNNETRA KAZHAGAM (DMK): A regional force in South India, especially Tamil Nadu, the DMK holds significant parliamentary seats and governs Tamil Nadu. It remains a key ally of the Congress.
ALL INDIA TRINAMOOL CONGRESS (TMC): Founded in opposition to the Congress, the TMC holds power in West Bengal. Led by Mamata Banerjee, it now reluctantly allies with the Congress against the BJP.